704 860
Table 6 (
Continued
)
Retrospective studies
Study
Patients (
N
)
Type of RT
Follow-up
(median)
Urinary side effects
Sexual side effects
Bowel side effects
Comments
Showalter et al
[65]
2176 vs 7700 pts
who received
postoperative RT vs
RP alone
NA
49.8 vs
50.7 mo
RT was associated with higher
risk of GU non-incontinence
events
No differences in GU
incontinence events
RT did not increase the
risk of ED
RT associated with significantly
higher risk of GI events
Population-based study
Urinary, sexual, and bowel
complications defined
according to administrative
codes
Lack of details on type of RT
administered
Lack of discrimination between
aRT and sRT
Gandaglia et al
[12]
74 vs 642 pts treated
with aRT vs nerve-
sparing RP alone
RT within 6 mo from RP
with undetectable PSA
levels
48 mo
NA
Patients who did not
receive aRT had higher 3-
yr erectile function
recovery compared with
those treated with aRT
(59.8 vs 40.7%;
p
<
0.001)
NA
EF defined according to the
IIEF-EF score
van Stam et al
[10]
241 vs 1,005 pts
treated with sRT vs
RP alone
NA
NA
Pts receiving sRT had worse
recovery of urinary continence
Pts receiving sRT had
worse recovery of erectile
function
sRT associated with a higher rate
of diarrhea
Patients with a longer interval
(
>
6 mo) between RP and SRT
reported significantly better
sexual satisfaction after SRT
(
p
= 0.02) and better urinary
function recovery
Jereczek-Fossa
et al
[69]208 pts treated with
aRT or sRT
IMRT to the prostatic
bed vs whole pelvis RT
27 mo
No differences in acute and late
toxicities
NA
No differences in acute and late
toxicities
No patients treated with CRT
Zaffuto et al
[71]
199 vs 128 vs
1863 pts treated
with aRT vs sRT vs
RP only
aRT within 6 mo from
RP with undetectable
PSA levels
48 mo
The 3-yr UC 17 recovery rates
were 70.7, 59.0 and 42.2% in no
RT, sRT 18 and aRT (
p
<
0.001)
The 3-yr EF recovery rates
were 35.0, 29.0 and 11.6%
in no RT, sRT and aRT
(p
<
0.001)
NA
EF defined according to the
IIEF-EF score
UC defined as the use of no
pads over the 24-h period
ADT = androgen-deprivation therapy; aRT = adjuvant radiotherapy; BCR = biochemical recurrence; ED = erectile dysfunction; EF = erectile function; GI = gastro-intestinal; IIEF-EF = international index of erectile function-
erectile function domain; IMRT = intensity-modulated radiotherapy; NA = not available; PSA = prostate specific antigen; pts = patients; RP = radical prostatectomy; sRT = salvage radiotherapy; WPRT = whole-pelvis RT;
WS = wait-and-see; 3DCRT: three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.
E U R O P E A N U R O L O G Y 7 2 ( 2 0 1 7 ) 6 8 9 – 7 0 9
704